Historical Beauties of istanbul
HISTORICAL BEAUTIES OF ISTANBUL
GALATA TOWER
Byzantine Imp. Lantern by Anastasius, in 528
was built as a tower.
It was destroyed during the 4th Crusade in -1204.
In 1348, with masonry material named as the tower of Christ
The Genoese had it built.
-It is the tallest building in the city.
-It is currently used as a cafe and a museum.
Used by the janissaries in the first period of the Ottoman Empire, II. The tower, which was converted into an observatory in the time of Selim, was built in 1384. Damaged by the fire that broke out in 1794, Galata Tower, in 1832 II. It was rebuilt by Mahmut. Watching the view of Istanbul from the tower, which has been providing touristic service since 1967, is a pleasure for all times. You can visit Galata Tower between 09.00-20.00.
DOLMABAHÇE MOSQUE (BEZMİALEM VALİDE SULTAN MOSQUE)
-Sultan Abdulmecid's mother, Bezmialem Valide
Started by the Sultan upon his death
It was completed by Abdulmecid.
-Designed by Garabet Balyon.
It was opened to the ibate on March 23, 1855.
DOLMABAHÇE CLOCK TOWER
-1890-1895 It was built by Sultan Abdülhamid II.
- Its architect is Sarkis Balyan.
It is in Neo-baroque and Empirical architectural styles.
-27 M height, 4 floors, 94 steps.
CIRAGAN PALACE
- By Sultan Abdülaziz, its architect is Sarkıs Balyan.
-The total area is 80 thousand square meters, made of palace marble.
-Damaged by fire in January 1910, in 1990
it has been restored again.
-Today a luxury hotel, important event and wedding
It is used as the place where organizations are held.
GALATASARAY UNIVERSITY
-Beşiktaş district is in Ortaköy district.
A state where the language of education is French
university.
KABATAŞ MEN'S HIGH SCHOOL
-Since 1908, education has been carried out.
-Turkey is one of the oldest and most prestigious high school.
-Turkey's and in many countries around the world, various
high success has been achieved in branches.
- Many famous Turkish literary teachers throughout history
has been in the staff.
-Is one of the most historical schools in Istanbul.
-Many famous movies, series and commercials were shot here
-Girls and boys together, 900 students, 250 boarding sections
manager, chief assistant manager, 3 assistant directors,
There are 60 teachers.
BOSPHORUS BRIDGE
20 February 1970, 1 June 1973
50th anniversary of the establishment of the Turkish Republic on 30 October 1973
It was opened with ceremonies in his honor.
-Steel suspension bridge material.
-Length 1560m, Width 39m, Height 165m
The bottom span is 64m.
-When its construction is finished, it is in the 4th place in the world,
It ranks 18th since 2010.
-It has been closed to pedestrian traffic since 1978.
ORTAKOY MOSQUE
-Büyük Mecidiye Mosque, Ortaköy Mosque in public
It is a mosque in neo-Baroque style.
-Cami, by Sultan Abdülmecit, to Garabet Balyan and Architect Nigoğos Balyan in 1853
was built.
-Wide and high windows are arranged to carry the variable lights of the Bosphorus into the mosque.
- Its walls are made of white cut stone.
It is in the years 1853-1854.
SAVARONA YACHT
When -Savaro yacht in the sea at March 28, 1931, the world's largest yacht, today is the largest between the Republic of Turkey Ertugrul located next Presidency or the yacht.
- It was given to Atatürk.
-Atatürk spent his last time here before his death.
Descent to the sea: July 29, 1930
Departure: March 28, 1931 - Length: 124 m,
-Width: 16 m
-Height (max.): 6,1 m
Crew: 44 people
Passenger Capacity: 34 people
GALATASARAY ISLAND (SU ISLAND)
-In 2006, entertainment place and restaurant, Council Board Meetings, Special Championship Celebrations,
It has been used for Special Promotion Meetings and special meal organizations given to the Members.
-North section invitation area (maximum 1500 people)
South section invitation area (maximum 1200 people)
Night Club, 3 different restaurants, Bar (max 800 persons)
Olympic pool is available.
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During the Ottoman period, the famous painter Ayvazovski also stayed on the island, which was gifted to Sarkis Balyan by Sultan Abdulaziz in 1872. The island has been turned into a coal storage since 1914. After a while, it became a place that provided fuel to city line ferries. In 1957, Galatasaray Sports Club President Sadık Giz bought the island and offered it to the service of other members. Today, the island hosts many venues as Suada Club.
RUMELI FORTRESS
- It was built by Fatih Sultan Mehmet right across the Anatolian Fortress on the Anatolian side in order to prevent attacks from the north of the Bosphorus before the conquest of Istanbul.
-This is the narrowest point of the throat.
- It covers an area of 30 acres.
- The three great towers of the fortress, which was completed in as little as 90 days, have the world's largest bastions.
-Fatih has set his mind to take Istanbul.
The Byzantine Emperor asks Constantine land to build a hunting lodge. The emperor mockingly tells him that this hunting lodge will take up the size of a calf skin and give this much land. Thereupon II. Mehmet has a calf cut and skinned immediately and has a thread made of leather. It surrounds the area where the Rumeli Fortress will be built. The emperor is surprised when he comes to look at the construction. Because a calf leather, not a construction site, is large enough to contain hundreds of calfskin. When he informs Fatih about the situation, Fatih shows the rope he has made from calfskin and says: "I had this rope spun from calfskin. If there is more, we will destroy it." The emperor and those with him are desperate and allow the fortress to be built.
Construction: The construction of the fort started on April 15, 1452. By making a division of labor, the construction of each section was given to the supervision of a pasha, and the construction of the section on the sea side was undertaken by Fatih Sultan Mehmet himself. When viewed from the sea, Saruca Pasha supervised the construction of the tower on the right, Zağanos Pasha to the construction of the one on the left, and Halil Pasha to the construction of the tower on the shore. The towers here bear the names of these pashas. The construction of the fort was completed on 31 August 1452.
The timbers used in the construction of the fortress were obtained from Iznik and Karadeniz Ereğlisi, stones and lime were obtained from different parts of Anatolia and spolis (spoiled pieces of stone) were obtained from the ruined Byzantine structures in the surrounding. According to the architect E. H. Ayverdi, approximately 300 masters, 700-800 workers, 200 coachmen, boatmen, transporters and other crew members worked in the construction of the fortress. Covering an area of 60,000 square meters, the masonry volume of the work is approximately 57,700 cubic meters.
Rumelihisarı has three big bastions named Saruca Pasha, Halil Pasha and Zağanos Pasha, Küçük Zağanos Pasha and 13 large and small towers. Along with the ground floors, Saruca Pasha and Halil Pasha towers have 9 floors, while Zağanos Pasha Tower has 8 floors. Saruca Pasha Tower has a diameter of 23.30 meters, wall thickness of 7 meters and a height of 28 meters. The Zağanos Pasha Tower has a diameter of 26.70 meters, a wall thickness of 5.70 meters and a height of 21 meters. Halil Pasha Tower has a diameter of 23.30 meters, wall thickness of 6.5 meters and a height of 22 meters.
Rumeli Fortress was severely damaged in the 1509 Great Istanbul Earthquake, but was repaired immediately. In the fire in 1746, the wooden part was destroyed. Hisar is again III. It was repaired in the period of Selim (1789-1807). When the wooden cones covering the towers of the fort collapsed, the interior of the castle was filled with small wooden houses. In 1953, with the instructions of the President Celâl Bayar, three Turkish female architects Cahide Tamer, Selma Emler and Mualla Eyüboğlu Anhegger started the necessary work for the repair of the fortress.
restoration has been carried out.
-Rumeli Hisarı concerts, museum and open air theater.
BEYLERBEYİ PALACE
-1861-1865,
- It was built by Sultan Abdulaziz by Sarkis Balyan.
- Its construction took 4 years and 5,000 people worked in its construction.
Eastern and Turkish motifs are used in conjunction with Western ornaments.
The ceilings are furnished with abundant sea and ship paintings.
The two-storey building consists of 26 rooms, 6 halls and 6 bathrooms, containing the harem and selamlik sections.
- Authentic furniture, carpets, curtains and other items have been preserved as is. The façade decorations facing the sea, the well-kept garden and the pool hall and spiral stairs in the middle are the places that attract attention. On the back slope, there is a large pool, terraces and horse stables that are good examples of its kind.
-There is no heating equipment as it is built as a summer palace.
-A pool was built inside the palace in order to give coolness and not to hear the talks.
- State guests were also hosted in the palace, which had two small viewing pavilions on the beach.
-It was sent to Thessaloniki after being dethroned. Abdülhamit was brought to Beylerbeyi Palace when the Balkan War broke out and died here in 1918.
Beylerbeyi Palace was built by Sultan Abdulaziz. The palace bears the signature of the famous architect Sarkis Balyan. The palace consists of two main sections, Harem and Selamlık, and three floors. At the top of the gardens arranged in terraces, there is an Olympic pool. It is open to visitors every day between 09.30- 16.00 except Mondays and Thursdays.
FATIH SULTAN MEHMET BRIDGE
-Start of construction January 4, 1986
Completion July 3, 1988
-Length 1.510 meters
Width 39 meters
Span between legs 1.90 m
It still ranks 14th among the world's largest steel suspension bridges.
- Unlike the Bosphorus Bridge, the suspension cables of this bridge are arranged vertically.
MAİDEN'S TOWER
It is the only work remaining from the Byzantine period. B.C. It has a history that goes back to 24 years.
-This island, which first hosted a tomb in the Greek period, was used as a customs station with the additional building built in the Byzantine period.
In the Ottoman period, it was used in many functions from the show platform, the defense castle, the exile station to the quarantine room. It has never lost its primary function of guiding the people with its existence for centuries and guiding the ships passing by at night with its lighthouse.
The Maiden's Tower was restored in 2000 and became a restaurant.
- Once used to collect taxes from ships passing through the Bosphorus. A large chain was drawn along the European Side with the tower, and ships were allowed to pass between the Anatolian Side and the Maiden's Tower (at that time the ship could pass because of its small size).
The tower could not carry the chain and it collapsed towards the European Side. When looking into the water from the tower, its ruins are visible.
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According to legend, the king built this tower in the middle of the Bosphorus to protect his daughter from death. But still he could not save him from death. The Maiden's Tower, whose legend has survived to this day, has witnessed many love and stories for 2,500 years. Many stories and poems were written against the tower, sitting in Salacak.
The tower, which is one of the symbols of the city, has been receiving its guests since 2000. It hosts Istanbul residents as a restaurant and cafe.
