Agrı

AĞRI

HISTORY

The history of the province of Ağrı goes back to the Paleolithic Age. Bronze Age tools were found indicating cultural relations between this region and Mesopotamia in later periods. One of the oldest communities settling in Ağrı and its surroundings is Hurrians.. After the Hurrians that emerged after the Hittites lost their activities in the Eastern Anatolian Region in the 14th century B.C. , the region came under Urartian, Persian, Macedonian, Roman and Byzantine rule. M.S. 7th century. Agri, which was conquered by the Arabs in the middle of the middle and was invaded due to its strategic position, took the Seljuks under the rule in the 11th century. The intermittent sovereignty of the Seljuks ended with the Mongol raids. Later, Ilkhanians, Celayirs, Karakoyunlular, Akkoyunlular, Safavids and Ottoman Empire came under the rule. Of World War I. In occupied by the Russians, made in 1921 by the Treaty of Kars was returned to Turkey.

Population: 437.093 (1990) City Traffic Number: 04

Located on a 1650-meter high plateau, Ağrı takes its name from the mountain that appears majestically next to it. Turkey can look to the hill and to the east gate of Pain, it has hosted numerous tribes and civilizations throughout history. The province of Ağrı is among the tourism centers of the east with its legendary mountain with tracks suitable for mountaineering and trekking in summer and skiing in winter.

DISTRICTS:

Districts of Ağrı province; Diyadin, Doğubayazıt, Eleşkirt, Hamur, Patnos, Taşlıçay and Tutak. Diyadin: It is connected here by a 7 km road at the 50th kilometer of Erzurum - Iran road, east of the central district. It is famous for its thermal springs on the banks of the Murat river. The waters of Diyadin Thermal Springs are healing waters for skin, rheumatism and muscle pain.

Doğubayazıt: It is 93 km from the city center. east of the district, on the Erzurum - Iran road, is the İshak Pasha Palace. The Meteor pit on the slopes of Balık Lake and Mount Ararat are other interesting values ​​of the district.

Eleşkirt: In 1998, facilities for ski tourism were built in Güneykaya. Dough: 15 km from the city center. The main historical artifacts of the district located in the south are Havaran Castle and Mahmut Pasha Cupola from the Seljuks.

Patnos: There are no events such as exhibitions, fairs or fairs that will bring vitality to the District Economy. There is no activity in terms of tourism as it is located in the hinterland. At the same time, there are not enough historical and natural beauties for tourists to be interested in. Existing works have lost their visible features due to nature and human destruction.

Taşlıçay: The 2000 m high mountains located in the north and south of Taşlıçay district in the central part of Ağrı are separated by Murat Valley in the middle. The land is volcanic, the highest point is Koçbaşı hill on Aladağ in the South.

Tutak: The area of ​​the district at an altitude of 1535 meters above sea level is 1562 km². dir. The lands of the region have high plateau character and are quite hilly.

PLACES TO VISIT

Mount Ararat:

Turkey's Mount Ararat, the largest mountain geological position and after the Great Flood of Noah's Ark to host, so it is a mountain, the legendary property. Ağrı Mountain, which is also mentioned in holy books, has many names in different languages. The main ones are Ararat, Kuh - i Noah, Cebel ul Harist. Marco Polon's first climb to the mountain, which he said will never be climbed, was on October 9, 1829 by Prof. It was performed by Frederik Von Parat. The second winter climb was on February 21, 1970, after the first climb, Dr. It was carried out by Bozkurt Ergör. Thousands of mountaineers visited Mount Ararat in the 1980s. Climbing Mount Ararat was banned in 1990. This ban was lifted in 1998, when the Mountaineering Federation allowed a group of mountaineers. Height 5165 m. Its location rises in Eastern Anatolia near Iranian borders. (Between Aras and Murat Rivers) The Best Time for Climbing is July, August and September. Winter climbing is challenging but enjoyable. Features Ağrı Mountain (5165 m.) Is the highest peak of the Anatolian Peninsula and Europe. Up to 4000 meters of basalt, later at altitude, it consists of andesite lava and shows the characteristics of a volcanic mountain. There is a cover glacier at the top of the mountain. Serdarbulak plateau on the east face and 3896 m. The Little Ararat Mountain is located. Mount Ararat has an interesting and attractive view with its height, glaciers, people, different structural views, grasslands and mountain meadows covered up to the snow border.

Transportation and Accommodation

Trabzon-Erzurum-Tehran International highways run through the foothills of Ağrı and reach Iran. There are regular air, rail and road connections between Ankara and Erzurum. The closest center to the mountain is Doğubeyazıt. It is possible to reach here from Ağrı and Erzurum. There are accommodation and restaurant facilities in and around the city. Climbing Materials: Crampons, Rope (11 mm), Ice Pickaxe, Safety Equipment (Perlon, Ice Auger etc.), Resilient sleeping bag, anorak, windbreaker, other camping equipments in summer exits (to -5, -10 ºC).

Mountaineers must move from the following points when climbing to Ağrı and Küçük Ağrı mountains, the climbs of which are subject to permission.

* Climbing to Mount Ağrı is made only from the side of the mountain within the borders of Doğubeyazıt, provided that they are from Doğubeyazıt - Topçatan village - Eli Çiftliği road.

* Small Ağrı Mountain is only climbed from the northwest direction. The southern route is the most comfortable and frequently used route in terms of communication, transportation, safety and climbing to climb the summit of Mount Ararat.

* The mountaineers staying in Doğubeyazıt complete the necessary preparations for climbing here and reach the village of Eli by car. After the water supply is done here, a 7-8 hour hike is 2800 m. The first camping place at a height is reached and an overnight stay is made here. On the 2nd day, with a 4-6 hour climb to 4200 m. Around the second camping site is reached. It is mandatory to buy crampon shoes, ice slide and rope for peak climbing. The peak is reached after 8-10 hours of climbing and the first camping site is 2800 m. return is made. Ağrı - Mount Bubi Located in the Eastern Anatolia Region, within the borders of Ağrı province, the Ski Center is 18 km from Ağrı city center. It was founded on the Bubi mountain in the distance.

Transportation:

There are flights from Ankara and Istanbul on certain days of the week. 18 km. It is possible to reach the city center away from the city by private vehicles.

Geography:

The best season for skiing in the ski center where the terrestrial climate prevails is December-April. In the center covered with meadows of Alp, the snow height reaches 1-2 meters during the ski season.

Accommodation and Other Services:

A ski house belonging to Ağrı Provincial Special Administration Directorate has been put into service. There is a 60-person cafeteria in the center.

Mechanical Facilities and Runways:

The length of the ski center is 1227 m. The teleski with a capacity of 600 people / hour serves. It is also 45 km from Ağrı. 4 km from Eleşkirt district. away, a detachable chairlift facility with four seats has been built. The facility length is 1650 m and it has a capacity.

Mount Ararat, Turkey's highest mountain is Mount Ararat (5165 m.), Formerly of knowledge since, mountaineers and adventurers attracted the attention of many stories, was the subject of song and legend. According to the common belief that gives the mountain, which is also mentioned in the Bible and the Torah, an important position in terms of tourism; In the time of the Prophet Noah, bad deeds covered the world. To teach people a lesson, God orders Noah to build an ark. The prophet Noah, his wife, his sons, and their sons' wives will board the ship, which is 300 cubits long, 50 cubits wide, and 30 cubits high, with 7 males, 7 females from all living species on earth, 2 males and 2 females from reptiles, and enough food. Prophet Noah builds the ship in accordance with the order of God and enters the ark with the living creatures. After 7 days, as a result of the flood that lasted 40 days and 40 nights, all living things except those on the ship perished. With the withdrawal of the waters, the ship sits on Mount Ararat and the living creatures in it leave the ship with joy and scatter across the earth. It; The mountain, which is very special in terms of religion, is impressive with its imposing appearance rising from the earth to the sky on a flat land, snowy peaks even in summer, vegetation and animal species.

Noah's Ark of Trace Turkey-Iran transit road 3.5 km. distance, to the south of Mount Ararat between Telçeker and Meşar villages. This monument is in a silhouette similar to a ship. Many researchers, notably the American researcher James Irwin, have undertaken studies since 1983 to find the remains of the sacred vessel in order to investigate the allegations that Noah's Ark had settled here after the great flood. The Ministry of Culture declared this geomorphological structure, which resembles the ship mass, as a natural protected area in 1987 with the decision numbered 3657 on the occasion that it has the characteristic of "Immovable Cultural Property Required to be Preserved"

Meteor Pit is the second largest meteorite pit in the world, after the meteor hole in Alaska. Between the Gurbulak Border Gate and Sarıçavuş village, 2 km from the Iranian border. far away. The meteor pit, created by a meteorite that fell 70-80 years ago, is 35 m. wide and 60 m. in depth.

Museums:

Ağrı, İshak Pasha Palace is 5 km from Doğubayazıt district. The palace built on a hill in the east is the most famous palace built after Istanbul Topkapı Palace. It is the last major monumental structure of the Ottoman Empire in the Tulip Age. It is one of the most prominent and distinguished examples of 18th century Ottoman architecture, as well as its value in terms of art history. Since the ground where the palace building is located is on the valley side, it is a rocky and hard place. Although it is in the center of the old Beyazıt city, the three sides of this building (north, west, south) are steep and inclined. There is only a suitable plain on the east side. The entrance door of the palace is here. Since the palace was built in an age when the castles lost their character and there were firearms, its defense against the hills to the east is weak. The sentence door is its weakest point in defense. The sentence door section is no different from the palaces established in Istanbul and Anatolia, and it is neat in terms of stonework and carving.

It is one of the historical palace examples specific to the Turks. The construction of the palace, which consists of 366 rooms, was started in 1685 by Çıldır Bey Çolak Abdi Pasha. In 1784, the palace consisted of two courtyards and a group of buildings in this courtyard. Some of the buildings in the first courtyard were destroyed. The second courtyard surrounded by buildings on all four sides has a rectangular plan. According to the entrance, there is a selamlik on the right and a haremlik behind it. At the end of these, there is a mosque and a tomb. The tomb was built in the style of Seljuk dome architecture.

Caves

Ice Cave: It is located on the plain where the skirt of Little Ağrı Mountain ends. On the Doğubayazıt-Gürbulak transit road, to the Hallaç village road junction, 3 km. away. The cave, which is a natural monument that can be seen very rarely, is 15-20 m. deep and 100 m. length and 50 m. has width. Inside the cave are ice stalagmites of human size, and these stalagmites take on different colors under the light.

Meya Caves: 15 km from Diyadin. They are caves built for the purpose of sheltering, worshiping and other vital activities by carving the rocks by human hand. These caves, which are an old settlement center, are almost a monumental city when considered as a whole and bear the traces of different beliefs and cultures. There are church and grave remains and a water channel in the caves which are quite wide. It is thought that this cave is connected by the stairs descending from the Tokluca Castle.

Castles

Tokluca Castle: It is 19 km from Diyadin district. It is located on the hill just behind Tokluca village at a distance. 100-150 m. The castle, which stands like a whole rock in length, is 2 m. It was made of stones of length and width. Located on the castle, 3 m. The 30-step staircase leads down to the landing inside the castle through a wide entrance hole. From this landing, there are entrance gates and stairs leading to three separate underground tunnels. One of these tunnels is 70 steps and the other is 350 steps, and it is estimated that these tunnels were used to reach the Meya Caves.

Blood Castle: It is 15 km from Tutak district. west of it, near the village of Dönertaş, formerly known as "Kalekule". The castle, which is unknown when and by whom, is also known as "Kale-i Hum".

Doğubayazıt Castle: It is located on the rocks at the place called Belleburç in the north-east of Eski Beyazıt, 5 km from Doğubayazıt. is east. The Urartian tombs and ancient ruins in the castle show that this place is an ancient city. There is no information about the builders of the castle or the date of construction.

Diyadin Castle: The castle, which was built on the rocks on the banks of the Murat River in Diyadin district center, was built by Ziyaüddin, the son of Uzun Hasan, the ruler of Akkoyunlu, according to Evliya Çelebi's Travelogue. In reality, the materials used and the way of construction show that it was built by the Urartians. It was repaired during the Akkoyunlu, Karakoyunlu and Ottoman period.

Havaran Castle: It is located in Hamur district center. It was founded on the rocks above Hamur Creek. The height of the stream is 100 m. is around. The castle, which belongs to the Seljuk period, is 400 m. There is a watchtower on a hill higher than the castle.

Şoşik Castle: 35 km from Hamur district. It is a castle built on the steep cliffs in the village of Karlıca, located at a distance. Although it is not known exactly when and by whom the castle was built, Evliya Çelebi's travel book mentions that the castle was "built by the Azerbaijani ruler Ziyaüddin". Inside the castle, there is a place of worship, bath, watchtower, dungeons and a water tower. Castle Karakoyunlu was repaired in time.

Maiden's Castle: 2 km from Şoşik Castle. It is rumored that the castle, located on a hill to the east, was built for the daughter of Şoşik castle.

Kupkıran (Harabe Lake) Castle: It is located 20 km from Ağrı city center. It is located between Yukari Kupkiran village in the east and Harabegol village. It is a crenellated castle made of large cut stones. The castle, which was found near the village, was named after the sinking of the village of Harabegöl, an old and important settlement, as a result of earthquakes and landslides, and the pit formed was filled with water over time.

Toprakkale: It is 14 km from Eleşkirt district. It is located in Toprakkale village to the east. The temples and settlements of the castle, which belonged to the Urartians, have completely disappeared, only the remains of the bastion and wall remain today.

Anzavur Castle: 2 km from Patnos district. The castle, located on Anzavur Hill in the northwest, belongs to the Urartu civilization. It was built in the 8th century. The walls of the castle were built by the Urartian King Menua and the temple part by Ishpuini.

Mosque, Cupola and Churches

Beyazıt Old Mosque (Cami-i Gevher Digar): It is the mosque accepted to be built by Selim I, on the south skirt of Beyazıt Castle. The slope of the valley where the mosque is located was leveled and a wall was built, a flat platform was formed and a building was built on it. Built with cut stone, the mosque is 15x15 m. It has a square plan in dimensions and a single dome. Brown, yellow and white stones were used in the building in a mixed way. The entrance door of the mosque, the main walls, the mihrab, the walls of the narthex, the transition systems to the dome, the arches on the walls, the windows and the minaret are made in an aesthetic simplicity.

Toprakkale Mosque: It is the mosque built by Mirza Bin Adbi Pasha in the village of Toprakkale in 1684. It is on the southern slope of the mound.

Sürmeli Mehmet Pasha Tomb: It is in the center of Hamur district and was built during the Ottoman period. There are two rows of red stone belts on the walls of the cupola, which is made of white, soft stone.

Three Tombs: One of the three vaults is 2 km from Patnos district. The second is in Taşkıran, on the skirts of Mount Süphan, and the third is in Acım village of Dedeli subdistrict.

Hamur Cupola: It is located in the northeast of Hamur district center, 300 m. To Ağrı-Van road. away. In an architectural style different from the Seljuk cupolas, the bottom (body part) is rectangular and the top is in the form of a herringbone. It is said that the cupola was built in the 18th century by İbrahim Pasha, one of the grandchildren of İshak Pasha.

Karagöz Church: It is 26 km from Tutak district. It is an underground church built by carving rocks near the Dayıpınar village to the west.

Three Churches: It is 18 km from Taşlıcay district center, just south of the E-23 highway. It is in Taşteker village at a distance.

Thermal Centers

There are Yılanlı, Davut and Köprü thermal springs in Diyadin district of Ağrı, which is very rich in terms of thermal centers. Its waters are good for rheumatism and skin diseases.

Dambat Çermik and Mineral Water: 5 km from Ağrı. away from the village of Yolluyazı (Dambat), on the banks of the Murat River. The water gushing from the ground is sulphurous. It is healing for skin diseases such as wounds, boils, acne and rheumatism.

Diyadin Hot Springs: It is 5 km from Diyadin district. to the south. The bridge consists of three hot springs named Yılanlı and Davut. It is known that it is good for rheumatic diseases as a result of infection with skin diseases. The hot springs are 7 km from Diyadin. to the south. There is a touristic hotel with a capacity of 150 beds in the thermal springs, where there are frequent minibus services during the season.

Bird Watching Area

Sarısu Plain Doğubeyazıt Marshes İshak Pasha Palace - The monument erected for the Turkish soldiers who were martyred in Ağrı and the hunting lodge built for the Russian Tsar Nikola are worth seeing. The district is also the winter sports center of the whole region. Pain and Noah's Ark. Ağrı province is on the Iran transit road, 1.640 m from the sea. It was established at a height.

AĞRI HAMUR District

Hamur district is in the south of the central district and 15 km from the city center. According to the 2000 census, the city population is 4,265, the village population is 17,530, the total population including the villages is 21,795, its area is 898 km2 and the population density is 24 people per km2. The majority of the district population is settled in rural areas. Animal husbandry comes to the fore in the district economy. Hamur Municipality was established in 1958. The Development Plan was made in 1968. Taşlıçay is located in the east of the district, Tutak in the west, the central district in the north and Patnos in the south. There are 45 villages in Hamur. The villages are mostly established on rough terrain in the southern part of the district. In the south of the district, Aladağlar lies in rows and the Murat River passes from the west. Havaran Castle and Mahmutpaşa Cupola from the Seljuks are the main historical artifacts of the district. Dough presents important natural beauties in summer and becomes a promenade. There is a health center in the district center, and the houses are usually made of stone and one floor. Although it is close to the city center, the development of the district is very slow, and its transportation is very easy due to its location on the Ağrı-Van road.

AĞRI TRADITIONAL HANDCRAFTS

Carpet and Rug Weaving: Due to heavy winter conditions in Ağrı, weaving based on wool generally continues in these months depending on the tradition of hand looms. The name of the rug among the people is yemen. Rug and carpet weaving are the most important handicrafts in Ağrı. Carpets, pillows, saddlebags, wool socks and sweaters, angora gloves, socks, and parka are also handcrafts based on wool and knitting. In the province where animal husbandry is widespread and dominant, the yarn obtained from the wool of the Morkaraman sheep is made to be woven on home looms after many processes. The best yarns are obtained from these Karaman sheep. Except for courses and carpet weaving workshops, Ağrıda carpets and rugs are usually woven on upright revolving floor looms without a clamp.

Wool Sweaters and Wool Socks: Sweaters and socks knitted from the wool of domestic sheep have an artistic value. Since these sweaters and socks are not made on looms but made by hand, they are decorated with very strong and beautiful motifs. Traditional carpet and rug motifs are used on the toes of socks. Other motifs are revealed by knitting. Wool is also knitted in mittens and parches. White ones are more preferred.

Mohair, Papak and Mohair Stockings: Mohair, which is obtained by combing from goats, is evaluated as a clothing item with its special methods. After the lint obtained is washed and cleaned, it is combed. It is spun with a spinning tool called Teşi and turned into yarn. Mohair clothes are knitted with hand knitting needles. After being knitted, it is softened by pressing between the hot bread. Fluffing and fringing of mohair clothes is done with this method. It is made of mohair in a sweater, scarf and gloves. Since mohair socks extend to the knee, they are also called kneeling. Various carpet and rug motifs are embroidered on the stringing.

Pegs or Evil Eye: Pegs, which are defined as charms or amulets by the public, is an ornament that is given geometric shapes by stringing the grains of peganum and has cultural values ​​in terms of belief. According to popular belief, peganum is the item that protects well from evil eye after amulet and blue bead. It is made by dyeing barley and corn grains in places where there is no pseudo-grass, and after the rosehips are fried, they are collected and made. Evil eye bead is attached on it. Especially the pegs grown in Doğubayazıt and made here are the main ornaments of the walls in the village rooms.

Items Made from Wheat and Rye Stems: Ripe wheat stems are cleaned from their ears, soaked, softened and made suitable for knitting. Women and girls with pain make bags, baskets, tea trays and children's hats from them. They also attract tourists when they are painted in beautiful colors and decorated with motifs.

Felt Making: Felting Agri is another handicraft branch that has developed due to animal husbandry. Felts, which are generally made of lamb wool, are obtained by compacting the wool with special methods and techniques after it is passed through the carding. Patterns are made from colored wool on the felts. Felts are a destiny used by the people of Ağrı who live in rural areas and deal with animal husbandry. The villagers take the wool they produce from their sheep and lambs to the felt makers and make the felts they need. Felts are more important than carpets and rugs in terms of keeping them warm, especially for people dealing with animal husbandry in the highlands. Items such as fate shepherd's headdress and shepherd's cap are made from felt. Felt and felt making, which is an important need item, is a commercial profession and element in the region.

FOLK MUSIC

Folk music is an important part of traditional culture in Ağrı. Folk music develops in parallel with the games. When folk music is mentioned, wedding songs and folk dances come to mind. The main folk music tools used are drums, zurna, kaval, tambourine, tulum, bagpipe, whistle and baglama. The artists who contributed the most and made collections on folk songs are İsmet ÖZTÜRK and İsmet KOÇKAR, Talat BAYDAR, Şinasi HATUNOĞLU, Burhan ÇAÇAN and Ali Haydar GÜL. The most common of the Pain Songs are as follows. I flew from Mount Ararat. Mount Ararat is icy.

MAIN MEN AND WOMEN'S CLOTHES

MEN'S CLOTHING 1. Color shirt 2. Vest 3. Trousers-Shawl 4. Kaytan 5. Watching-Socks 6. Jumpsuit 7. Coats-Papak-Hat 8. Shirt 9.

WOMEN'S CLOTHES 1.Entari 2. Vest 3.Palaska 4. Apron 5. Armlet 6. Socks 7. Belt Shoes 8.Kefi-Hotoz-Scarf 9. Shalwar 10.

DO NOT RETURN FROM AĞRI WITHOUT THESE:

Ishak Pasha Palace without seeing, for the Mountaineers, Turkey and exiting Europe's highest mountain is Mount Ararat, without tasting the abdigor Meatballs, not without a few pairs of mohair gloves and socks for the winter months.

Natural Structure Almost half of Ağrı provincial lands consist of mountainous areas. The Aras Mountains, extending along the northern border of the province, are a long mountain range with many hills over 3,000 meters high. The most important of these hills are Mount Ararat, Perili Mountain. It is the Lower Mountain and the Köse Mountain. Mount Ararat mass, rising at the eastern end of the mountain range, consists of two volcanic cones called Küçük and Büyük Ağrı.

Information on Ağrı

* Area: 11.376 km2.

* Population: 421.131 (1985).

* Districts: Ağrı (center), Diyadin, Doğubeyazıt, Eleşkirt, Hamur, Patnos, Taşlıçay, Tutak.

Places of Interest: Ishak Pasha Palace; Fish Lake; Fly Plateau; Mount Ararat; Tendürek Mountain; Meteor Pit; Dogubeyazit Castle; Underground Church; Diyadin Hot Springs; Aznavurtepe (Urartu Hill). Ala-mountains along the Van border in the south and Tendürek Mountain are other important bumps of the city. Tendürek Mountain, at an altitude of 3,542 meters, is an extinct volcano just like Mount Ararat. Still. From time to time, water vapor and gases are observed to escape from the large and deep main crater and the pits on its slopes.

The high and sloping plains that make up about one third of the provincial lands are covered with grasslands in places. The largest of these plains is the Eleşkirt-Karaköse Plain, extending in the northwest-southeast direction. The sloping base of the Patnos and Diyadin plains starting from the foothills of Aladağlar is also covered with a vegetation consisting of short grass. Doğubeyazıt Plain stretches from the south of Mount Ararat to the Iranian border. Rising from Aladağlar and being the longest branch of the Euphrates, the Murat River flows in the north-northwest direction, joins with many streams near Ağrı and turns towards southwest. Many streams originating from the Aras Mountains join the Murat River in the Eleşkirt Plain. The most important of these is Şiryan (Güzel) Stream, which is formed by the merger of Eleşkirt Creek and Kopuzdere. Taşlıçay and Körçay are other important branches of the Murat River from this region. Sarısu, passing through the Patnos Plain, also joins the Murat River. Incesu, Balıkgölü Creek (or Balıkçayı) and Girnevük Water (or Girne Creek), which irrigate Doğubeyazıt Plain, merge in some parts to form reeds and swamp areas. The main lakes of the province are Balık Lake, Gölyüzü Lake and Saz Lake. Located on the Sinek Plateau on the slopes of Mount Ararat, among the forests at an altitude of 2,241 meters, Balık Lake is a natural set lake formed by lava blocking a stream. Trout and carp abound in this 24 km wide freshwater lake, which drains its excess water into Balıkgölü Creek. There is also a small island in the lake with historical remains. Gölyüzü and Saz lakes were formed in the depression area on the southwestern slopes of Mount Ağrı.

Ağrı region is one of the places where the continental climate prevailing in Eastern Anatolia is hardest. The winter season lasts very long, there is heavy snowfall and the falling snow does not melt for months. As the soil is covered with snow for 115 days a year, most of the village roads are closed and transportation is only provided by sleds. The surface of streams and lakes also freezes in places. the lowest temperature recorded so far in Turkey have been in the city with Pain 45.6 ° C 20 January 1972. In the mountainous areas, the springs are cold and the summers are quite cool. Spring colds are popularly known as "the cold of the crops". In contrast, the summer season is hot and dry in the plains. It rains mostly in the spring.

The vegetation of Ağrı province has almost all the characteristics of plateau steppes. The wide plateau pastures, which cover two thirds of the provincial lands and maintain their greenness throughout the year, are an important factor in the development of animal husbandry. Apart from the plateaus of Aladağlar, where the largest pastures are located, there are rich pastures in the Sinek Plateau, Mirgemir, Çakmak, Pani, Davul and Tendürek plateaus to feed all the animal assets of the province. Ağrı province, which was covered with forests like many regions of Anatolia in the past, is very poor in terms of forest existence, despite the abundance of pastures today. Woodlands are very rare in mountainous regions. Sinek Plateau is one of the rare plateaus that includes forest cover as well as grasslands. The transformation of the pastures in the plains into fields and the destruction of the forest cover accelerated the soil erosion.

Economy

Since there are few arable lands in Ağrı, but pastures are abundant, the livelihood of the people is based on animal husbandry. The number of animals per capita in Turkey's Agri leaving behind all provinces are over 2 million sheep. A live animal market is set up in the city center every year between 15 May and 15 November. Turkey, Iran, the largest producer of live animals sold by the USSR and Kuwait is also still Agri. Wheat, barley and rye are grown in restricted areas in the rugged lands of the province, and sugar beet, potato, chickpea and fruit are grown in the rivers. In the province, whose industry is underdeveloped, there are mostly organizations that process animal products such as meat and milk, as well as feed, sugar and flour factories. Lignite is mined in Eleşkirt, asbestos (asbestos) and pumice in the vicinity of Ağrı. Salt mines located in Perobey region in Tutak district meet the needs of not only Ağrı but also the surrounding provinces.

Society and Culture

Those who are engaged in animal husbandry go to the plateaus where natural pastures are found in order to graze their animals in summer. In some plateaus they live in houses called yurts. If there are no highland houses, they live in hair tents. Animal products produced during the plateau season are sold at the fair established in the city of Ağrı. Caucasian features are seen in the men's clothing of the Ağrı region. Stockings, gloves and caps knitted from mohair, wool carpets dyed with natural root dyes, tent cloth and goat hair weavings used as mat are the best examples of handicrafts in the region.

İshak Pasha Palace, which was built on rocks near Doğubeyazıt, is the most important historical structure of Ağrı. Reflecting the characteristics of the Seljuk architecture and surrounded by walls, this building consists of a palace, mosque and tomb. In recent years, skiing sports and hunting tourism have been developing in Ağrı due to the favorable natural conditions and the abundance of game animals.

City Center: The city of Ağrı is on the outskirts of Aras Dağlan. It was founded on a 1,650 meters high valley carved by Murat River and its branches. This city, formerly known as Karaköse, was a district center of Beyazıt at the beginning of the Republic period. When Karaköse district was made a province with the same name in 1927, the city became the center of this province; Beyazıt, on the other hand, was transformed into a district and connected with this new name, Doğubeyazıt. The name of the province and the provincial center was changed to Ağrı in 1938. Turkey-Iran highway passes through the pain. Railway connection of the city with the inner regions is also provided through the Horasan and Sarıkamış districts of Erzurum. The population of the city is 54,492 (1985).

Mount Ararat. At the eastern end of the Aras Dağlan'n in Eastern Anatolia, Turkey and near the Iranian border, an extinct volcano which rises mass of Mount Ararat. Pain in the remaining lands of the mountain, Turkey's highest mountain with peaks reaching 5,137 meters. Serdarbulak Passage at an altitude of 2,687 meters. Covering an area of ​​1,200 km, this large mass divides the mass into two peaks: Büyük Ağrı (main Ağrı) of 5,137 meters in the north and Küçük Ağrı mountains of 3,896 meters to the south. In the legend of Noah in the Torah, which is the holy book of the Jews, Mount Ararat is mentioned as "Ararat" and it is stated that after the flood that drowned the whole earth, Noah's ark ran aground on this mountain. This word Ararat, which is the oldest name of Mount Ararat. It is the Hebrew name of the Urartians who dominated this region in the 9th century BC.

When the Turks settled in Anatolia, they named this mountain Eğri Mountain, which gradually turned into Mount Ararat. Marco Polo, the famous Italian explorer of the Middle Ages. He described Mount Ararat as a mountain with no snow missing from its top and rising straight to the sky. Indeed, Mount Ararat is a magnificent mountain with its mass rising suddenly, and its parts above 4,000 meters are covered with snow that does not melt even in summer. When the weather is not cloudy and cloudy, the mountain peak is Ağrı. Van. It is one of the high regions of Kars and Bitlis. It can be seen from parts of the USSR and Iran close to the border. The steep slopes of Mount Ararat are split by deep valleys extending from the peak to the skirts. The valley of the biggest and most famous of these, Cehennem Creek, suddenly resembles a frozen stream as it flows. Because the glacier formation that covers the top of the mountain like a skullcap protrudes towards this valley. these glaciers covering an area of ​​10-12 km of Turkey, is the largest glaciers.

There are many caves at the foot of the mountain where the locals call "Cow Valley". These caves, which can accommodate hundreds of animals, serve as natural shelters for animals taken to the plateau. Juniper and birch in Büyük Ağrı. Forest cover consisting of hornbeam trees is very rare in Küçük Ağrı. Mount Ararat has been the subject of many legends. Apart from those who believe that Noah's Ark is still at the top of the mountain, it is claimed that İrem Bağlan, where Adam and Eve live, is on the northern slopes of Mount Ararat. Rocks that broke off the mountain on June 20, 1840, destroyed a village on the northeast foot, killing 1,600 people. This incident was interpreted as a harbinger of an explosion due to the noise and dust cloud generated; however, there is no record that Mount Ararat has been active so far. First time in 1829

In September, German Johann Jacob von Parrot managed to reach the summit of Mount Ararat. Today, those who seek Noah's ark or engage in mountaineering often climb Mount Ararat. The best time for climbing is between August and September. Ağrı Province is one of the highest points of the country. It is located in the Upper Murat region of the Eastern Anatolia Region. Turkey has taken its name from the highest mountain with Mount Ararat. Places to visit in Ağrı include İshak Pasha Palace, Fish Lake, Sinek Plateau, Ağrı Mountain, Tendürek Mountain, Doğubeyazıt Castle, Diyadin Hot Springs, Aznavurtepe. Districts of Ağrı Province are Diyadin, Doğubeyazıt, Eleşkirt, Hamur, Patnos, Taşlıçay and Tutak.